As we conclude 2023 and approach the new year, it's always interesting to see what articles are closing out the year. 

Recently, an article by Doug Demuro, a rehash of an article on AutoTrader.com by Renee Valdes, reviews the most common questions you should ask a private seller. 

Interestingly enough, I do agree with a majority of questions, and I have my top 3 questions:

1. What are you selling?
2. Are there any minor issues or repairs that were recently done?
3. Can you get it state-inspected before purchasing it? (If there is no check engine light)

It would help if you did your detective work on your own before seeing the vehicle. This includes obtaining a vehicle history report and researching the common problems owners have reported. 

One good rule to follow is to find at least a few examples of the same vehicle for you to test drive. This will allow you to compare the condition and overall performance of the vehicle in your head. 

The same rule applies to dating, jobs, and house hunting. 

It's a numbers game. 

Please take your time to select the RIGHT vehicle for you.

There will ALWAYS be another opportunity for you to buy, and do not feel pressured to purchase unless you are ready to buy.

You want to avoid experiencing buyer's remorse with a purchase that may cost thousands and tens of thousands of dollars. 

Is There a Warranty? (Odd question to ask)

From the article of Doug Demuro, I'm afraid I have to disagree with a few of his questions. 

For example, is there a warranty? Most private sellers would already point out if there were an existing warranty. Plus, there is typically a transfer fee associated with the paperwork. 

Please note that replacement parts and online warranties are usually valid for the original purchaser of the part. I have seen a few listings that tout a lifetime guarantee from FCP Euro. Still, I know from experience it only applies to the original owner because you have to submit a return slip from your order invoice. Don't fall for a lifetime guarantee on parts. It's not accurate. 

Do You Take Trade-Ins? (Odd question to ask)

Another odd question in the article regarding questions to ask private sellers is whether they take trade-ins. The truth is that I have seen FB marketplace listings that list pricing as $1234 or $1, and the seller is looking for swaps or trades with no cash involved. 

However, this type of listing is 1 out of 25 listings. 

If you see pricing on FB that is low or odd, take a closer look at the description. Most of the time, the seller is either looking to trade, gauging interest or parting out. 

As for the rest of the article, I agree with most of the questions. 

Here is another real-world rule: most sellers are TRYING to sell their vehicle, so take any information that comes out of their mouths with a grain of salt. 

For example, the vehicle history report will indicate how long the current owner had the vehicle. It will list when the vehicle was last registered and inspected. 

As mentioned in my FREE VIN Report Guide, it's a little red flag if the vehicle was owned for less than 1 year. There could be a flurry of reasons, but what comes to mind is that they are attempting to flip or get rid of a vehicle that is too difficult or expensive to fix. 

You should be able to tell the vehicle's overall condition when you see it in person. 

Unless you have the expertise or a trusted shop to take the vehicle for repair, I will tread carefully based on the ownership length. 

If the owner had it between 1 and 3 years, that is a solid sign that it was driven, used, and in operating condition. 

If the vehicle has an expired inspection, see if the owner is willing to have it inspected before your purchase. It will save you time to get it inspected and provide you peace of mind that the emissions and engine are operating normally. 

Check Engine Lights

Several reasons can cause a check engine light. The most common "reason" is a cheap sensor or "I don't know." 

In this situation, you should be able to run a quick OBD scan to see what codes come up. 

The solution might need a new ignition coil or spark plug. Otherwise, it could be caused by a vacuum leak somewhere in the engine. Repair costs will vary, so scanning the vehicle for codes is important. 

From there, you can determine what it might need. 

Pre-Purchase Inspections (PPI)

Most private sellers DON'T have the time or patience to schedule a pre-purchase inspection from would-be buyers.

Independent inspection from a shop is a hassle. 

I know from experience and talking with sellers that they get hundreds of texts and DMs on their listings, and organizing them all is a headache. 

You might be lucky to find an open seller in instances of a PPI, especially if the purchase is over $20,000. But for vehicles priced below $15,000, I have seen most sellers stick to selling as-is with no explicit warranty. 

PPIs will cost time and money from your pocket, so I suggest doing homework. 

For example:

It would be a solid purchase if a vehicle passes state emissions inspection, runs well on the test drive, and is repaired and taken care of. 

However, if you have ANY reservations about the condition of the vehicle, sketchy service history, or smoke out of the tailpipe, I would walk away. 

Unless it's a killer deal and a no-brainer. 

I have known that there is nothing more expensive than a cheap car. Repairs will be required, and you may be chasing electrical gremlins, for example. 

The Reality of Buying from a Private Owner

The ideal situation is that the seller is getting rid of the vehicle because they are upgrading or no longer need it. In addition, a 1 or 2-owner vehicle is significantly better than a multi-owner vehicle. Remember, they are trying to sell at a fair market price. 

Expect to pay top dollar for a pristine example with dealership service records. A long ownership history puts the fair market value at the top of the range. 

Be sure to input the vehicle specifications, mileage, and condition in Kelly Blue Book to better understand the going market price. 

What the seller wants and what the market dictates can vary drastically. When the KBB price is under your tool belt, you can share your knowledge with the seller when negotiating a fair price. You should have your price in advance and have a price range. 

Does It Have Any Future Upcoming Repairs?

Another reason the seller might be getting rid of the vehicle is anticipated costly repairs or major repairs in the near future. 

Check out RepairPal.com and input the vehicle brand and model to see what owners have reported as common repairs. You can also get a quick repair estimate of what you might expect to pay out of pocket to fix it. 

Sellers Do Lie

The hard truth is that sellers lie and sometimes don't know. There have been instances where I was told it's just a fuse or needed a Freon recharge. 

However, upon inspection from an indie shop, the AC system needed a new compressor and lines as there was a hole. In addition, a check engine light turns on after taking the vehicle for a test drive. 

The seller acted surprised and as if it was a small issue. As mentioned earlier, check engine lights can be because of a laundry list of reasons. 

In addition, accidents that are not reported can sometimes fall through the cracks on your vehicle history report. 

Check the body panels for wavy lines or paint that doesn't match in color. You can reference the history report for any previous accidents and areas to go over with a toothcomb. 

Cosmetic issues are expected in used cars. Don't let that deter you when it comes to the body condition.

I'd rather take a 100% mechanically sound vehicle over one that looks great but may need some work to get it 100% mechanical. 

Rebuilt Titles

R titles are rebuilt. These titles CAN save you thousands of dollars, but I would shy away from them if you plan to resell or sell your vehicle in the future. Prices for R title vehicles are commonly discounted to 60 - 75% of market value due to the branded title. 

Rebuilt vehicles were previously considered salvaged from an accident, damage from mother nature, or flood damage. The insurance company deemed the repairs more than the cost of the vehicle. 

You can find gems with pennies on the dollar and have it rebuilt. But the value and hassle of selling to the public might be challenging. 

However, go for it if you plan to drive the vehicle until it stops running. Otherwise, you are better off financially to find a clean title vehicle.

Buying a Vehicle from a Private Seller

A good buy only stays for a short time on the market. From my experience, a great deal is typically sold in 1-3 days. If the vehicle is on the market longer than 4 weeks, then the price is typically higher than what the market is willing to pay. 

Secondly, the vehicle's condition might not be as accurate as the listing depicts. 

The market is full of private buyers looking to purchase,e as well as used car dealerships looking to scoop up deals from the public. 

I sold my Nissan Maxima to a used car dealer from South Jersey. The vehicle was sold in under 2 weeks, and I had a few other buyers interested. The user car dealer came with cash, and we agreed on a price. He drove it away the same day.

So, as mentioned, good deals can be found all the time. I typically like to purchase from private sellers since there are no dealer or documentation fees. Also, I can negotiate in person with the seller casually. 

Having a clear goal, a good understanding of the vehicle's service history, and a fair price to pay will help you avoid any pitfalls when buying from a private seller. 

Remember, no warranties are implied, so be sure to do your homework first. 

I've compiled a checklist of things you should consider before buying out your car lease. The lease buyout is similar to purchasing a car, but the good thing is that you know the vehicle's history and the bottom line price.

If you have excessively exceeded your annual mileage limit, purchasing the vehicle after the lease might be a good move.

Additional Fees 

I suggest buying the vehicle if you pay $2,000 - $3,000 over due to miles and the residual value is less than the Kelley Blue Book market price. 

It all comes down to if the numbers make sense.

Lease vs Buyout Numbers

You can also check out a useful lease vs buyout calculator to compare the numbers. Remember, it all comes down to the numbers and finances make sense. 

Here is a link to the https://www.bankrate.com/loans/auto-loans/lease-vs-buy-calculator/ from Bankrate. You can easily punch your current numbers to compare. 

My Personal Lease Buyout Story

I previously purchased my Nissan Maxima at the end of the lease because of the excess miles on the odometer. We enjoyed the car, and financially, the extra miles added up to around $2,000, so I opted to decide to buy out the vehicle.

The lease buyout made sense and was a good idea for us.

We were presented with several financing options with reasonable current market rates. This lease buyout loan helped us keep this car in our family. We knew the vehicle history and the excess mileage were all from family road trips we enjoyed over the 3-year lease.

Secondly, the car was part of my life, and I didn't see any changes needed in the future, like a growing family or location.

Before jumping in, let us cover a few key questions about buying your car after your lease ends.

You should ask yourself:

How much is the buyout price compared to market value (Kelley Blue Book Value)?

You might have a great buyout price with the used car market still high. You can buy out your car lease and sell it privately for a small profit.

The leasing company crunched their numbers at the beginning of your lease and determined the buyout price. However, the leasing company might have undervalued the car if you put in fewer miles or if the market experiences inflation. This might provide you an advantage in favoring purchasing the car instead of signing a new lease.

The car market prices have allowed leaseholders to buy and sell their vehicle to a third party like CarMax for a handsome profit. It made perfect sense to purchase and then sell as a financial decision.

You have to crunch the numbers. Remember, you need to look at the numbers overall to see if it makes financial sense.

What has been the car's maintenance, and how will you manage repairs in the future?

The good thing about a vehicle lease is that all the services and maintenance are included in the price of your lease. No out-of-pocket expenses, and you gas up and drive. However, once the car lease is over, you must consider obtaining an extended warranty (if available) or tackling the repairs out of pocket.

Certain brands require little or no maintenance, such as Honda or Toyota. The Korean brands Kia and Hyundai also have great track records of quality parts.

I own a small fleet of European cars like BMW, Audi, and Mercedes Benz, but I can typically wrench on the weekend to handle small repairs. So remember, if you can wrench or have a shop that charges a fair price, you could still enjoy your car for years.

When any car reaches 50,000 miles, there might be a milestone service interval that requires the replacement of parts.

TIP: Google "Car model problems" or "car model repairs" to see what other owners experience as time goes on. You will be surprised by what you might find. As long as you are aware, you can plan to save a small fund for future maintenance.

What is the condition of the car when your return?

Another reason you should consider a lease buyout is if you have excessive wear and tear, aka damages to the car might also add up quickly. If the fenders or bumpers are damaged, you can be held responsible for the repairs. See what the dealership says regarding the condition.

TIP: You will want to return the vehicle in clean condition. Take your car back to the dealership after you had a chance to clean and wash it. The better presented the car, the less likely you will be charged for poor condition.

Do you like the car?

Sometimes when you first lease a car, you are in love and excited. However, there might be things about the vehicle that annoy you.

For example, trunk space or ride quality might be a deal breaker on your lifestyle. In addition, some cars had run-flat tires. Do you enjoy the quality of the ride?

We spent countless hours in the car and should enjoy each minute. If you don't enjoy driving, then it will be a chore. Now is the time to decide if you see that car being part of your life in the months and years ahead.

Does it have the utility your need? Future proof

I remember that a BMW I had did not have fold-down seats. I was very surprised that a luxury brand had 60/40 seats as an option. In my excitement, I did not see the details and had to suffer for a few years until I could opt into a model with fold-down seats.

Secondly, if you have a plan for a growing family, do you have the space for the car seat(s), stroller, and groceries? Consider this a 4-door sedan; while useful, it is more flexible than an SUV or crossover.

Determining the True Value of Your Car:

Since you might have the buyout price on your original lease contract, you may wonder if the number is good, bad, or ugly.

No worries here; KBB.com or NADA.com are good places to cross-reference the value of your leased car. If you drove less than your lease terms, you could leave a lot of value on the table when you turn the car in.

When you visit KBB.com, plug in the year, make, and model of your vehicle plus your current mileage.

KBB will then calculate the retail value and the private party value. The retail value is what a buyer can expect to pay from a dealer. The private party is the value if sold by an owner. Private party prices are typically $2,000 less than retail prices due to the prep fees associated with dealerships.

If the number of KBB for a private party exceeds your residual, consider keeping the car and buying it out.

Why? 

This is because you SHOULD be able to sell the vehicle in the future for a reasonable price. However, if the private party price is lower than the residual, consider if you want to get into a new lease worry-free for 3-4 years.

Right now, there might be a surge in demand for used cars. As prices of gas and living increase, so will the prices of vehicles.

Can you finance to purchase after lease vehicle?

You must decide if you have the cash to buy out the car outright or finance it at the purchase price.

You can finance the purchase of the car after a lease.

However, you are giving up the advantage of paying now. Remember there are additional costs like Interest rates for the loan since it will be added to the price you pay to the finance company.

You can use an auto loan calculator to help determine your new monthly payment based on your credit history.

Look at other options from your local bank and bank credit union because they offer competitive interest rates.

Since you are getting an auto loan, your credit score will also be used to determine your interest rate on the loan. The higher your credit score, the lower the interest rates. You will also be responsible for the sales tax since purchasing the vehicle.

Credit Score Tools

Here are two free resources that I have personally used to check my credit score:

• CreditKarma.com
• FreeCreditReport.com

Depending on the length of the loan, it will impact your monthly payment. Your monthly payment will also depend on the downpayment and loan rate that you qualify for.

Can you negotiate the price before you buy a car?

Sometimes you can negotiate the price. It depends on the lessor if they are open to negotiations. However, based on conversations in the industry, most lessors will have a take-it-or-leave-it attitude since there is a demand for used cars. Wholesale prices of vehicles are at an all-time high, so demand is there. The best bet is to consider the questions listed above and ask yourself if you want to continue driving your leased car for years to come.

Final Thoughts to Buy Car After a Lease is Over

Did you exceed the lease allowance?

High Miles - If your car has excess miles, considerable wear and tear, and penalties exceed $2,000, then consider buying the vehicle. However, if you dislike the car because you don't have enough space, I suggest getting into a bigger car with more utility.

Low Miles - If your car has low miles and was barely driven, you might luck out with buying the car after your lease and selling it private party. You might not make millions of dollars, but you can still drive your car for 6- 12 months without much depreciation. It might make sense to keep the vehicle.

TIP: From my calculations, I would add or subtract a value of $1,000 per 10,000 miles on the car. That's my rule of thumb that I go by on mid-priced vehicles.

Maintenance Costs - If you had many problems handled by the dealer during your lease, then you can be certain that you will run into additional maintenance costs in the future. I am aware of this when I decide to purchase a car and factor it in with my savings strategy for inevitable repairs. Plus, if you are a weekend mechanic like me, I can save hundreds of dollars doing work myself.

Driving Enjoyment - You lived with the car for 2-3 years with your lease. Does it fit your lifestyle? Do you enjoy the ride quality, seats, and overall fuel economy? With increasing gas prices, you need to factor that in when deciding to keep the car. It might be painful to fill up at the pump.

Change is Good - You got into a lease knowing you can change the car in a few years. You may have your eyes set on the latest and greatest. My neighbor enjoys changing cars every few years to try the different brands.

Final Thoughts

I like to finance or purchase my cars for equity and liquidity if I ever need to sell.

I have leased before, and it is very attractive with the low monthly and low down payment.

If you can write off the lease payments for your taxes, it makes sense to me, or if you do not want the headache of maintaining a car with unknown repairs, a lease will make sense.

Either way, you decide to make. I believe you know in your gut what will make you happy. Enjoy the journey and the drive. It's a good idea to talk it over with your family to get their input.

Be safe and good luck with your decision.

I know from first-hand experience how NOT to buy a car, despite the seller being a family friend. I will cover exactly what you must look for to avoid these 7 red flags for used cars.

When buying a used car, you must be very objective about what you see in person. Some tell-tale signs will indicate that you need to move on and walk away. Knowing what to look out for can save you time, money, and hassle in the long run. Trust me; these are some important things to consider.

From mismatched paint jobs to suspiciously low prices, this article will discuss 7 red flags to watch out for with a used car.

You probably already know that buying a used car is often a great way to save money while getting reliable transportation. Yes, used cars can offer more bang for your buck, with some of the same features and amenities as newer models at a fraction of the price.

The BIGGEST advantage is that you don't have to worry about taking an immediate hit in value due to depreciation that occurs when buying a new compared to finding the right used car.

There are good deals to be found via private sellers and dealerships. But you need to be aware of some red flags.

Red Flags to Look Out For

While buying a used car has plenty of benefits, it's important to know what potential red flags to look out for.

1. Lack of Maintenance History
2. Salvage Titles and Accidents
3. Dash Lights and Inspection Sticker
4. Engine Startup and Exhaust Color
5. Weird Noises and Smells
6. Low Prices
7. Rust, Dull Paint, and Wavy Bodywork

1. Lack of Maintenance HistoryService Record

Whenever I look at a used car, I always check the vehicle history report for service records. By reviewing the service records of the previous owners, I can see how the car was maintained and where it was serviced.

Dealer service and maintenance are preferred, but a specialty shop indicates that the owner cared for the car.

However, if you see JiffyLube or a general auto shop, the good news is that at least the minimum was done. I typically shy away from cars with these owners, but sometimes, it might work out.

TIP: If you see a repeat of the same repair listed recently, it might clue you in on a recurring issue. If you notice missing maintenance or servicing, ask if the seller is a DIYer. They might have serviced the car themselves.

If they are DIY, ask for receipts or invoices for purchased parts. As a car owner, I have a folder full of receipts I have purchased over the years.

In addition to checking for regular oil changes, brake inspections, and tire rotation services, also be sure to look for any major repairs that may have been done in the past. You might also google "Miles servicing" for your model.

For example, if the car has 57K miles, google 60K mile service to see what needs to be done and compare it to the vehicle history report. By going through the service records, you can determine whether or not all necessary maintenance has been performed on the vehicle - so take your time and ensure nothing is overlooked!

Number of Previous Owners

Doing your due diligence when researching the previous owner of a used car is essential.

Try to find out how long they owned the car, how often they drove it, and if they performed the regular maintenance. You can tell a lot from the car's condition and how they present itself.

If it is a family member's car, see the story behind why they are selling.

Red flag: If they only had it for a short time or put a few miles on it, this could indicate an underlying problem with the vehicle.

Cross-reference the Carfax report can help ensure there aren't any hidden surprises waiting for you after purchase—and if all else fails, having a qualified mechanic do a pre-purchase inspection (PPI) can alert you to any immediate issues that need attention before you commit to buying the car.

To learn more about a PPI, check out our article, What is a PPI for a Used Car?

Watch Out Questionably Low Mileage

The average miles driven per year is between 10k to 12 k miles.

When it comes to used cars, low mileage is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, you may be getting an almost-new vehicle at a fraction of the cost, but there could be hidden issues lurking beneath the surface.

Low miles could indicate that the car was not driven much due to a mechanical or title issue. The title issue might be salvaged or rebuilt since it was off the road for many months.

Secondly, if it was not driven for months, find out why. If you are lucky, you might only have a weekend car but only know if you ask.

By taking these extra steps before signing off on a purchase, you can save yourself from any costly surprises down the line!

Look for Signs of Neglect or Poorly Made Repairs

No matter how well you research before buying a used car, some signs of neglect and corner-cutting repairs may be easy to miss. These are the kinds of red flags that can end up costing you more in the long run if left unchecked.

In addition, neglect like trashed interiors and dirty trunks can give you a better idea of how the car might have been cared for or lack thereof.

Look under the hood for tape or zip ties that show that corners were cut with mounting parts correctly.

If any of these signs raise alarm bells for you when looking for a used car, it might be best to walk away or negotiate further before committing to purchase. With just a bit of extra effort upfront, you'll save yourself from potential headaches down the line!

Buying a used car can be a great way to save money, but it's important to be vigilant in looking for any red flags that may indicate problems. If you watch for the tell-tale signs of neglect or corner-cutting repairs, you can make a more informed decision and rest assured that you're getting a reliable car. Now, look at one major sign of trouble—mismatched tires & hubcaps!

Mismatched Tires and Hubcaps

One of the most common signs I look at is the tires.

Mismatched tires indicate the owner did not budget or care that the brands or model tires matched. It is a clear sign of poor maintenance.

In my free guide, my rules are that 2 brands can be mismatched. But if all four tires are different brands, I would tread carefully since the owner didn't care about the tires in general.

I always check if all the tires are the same size and type. In addition, I check the DOT and the condition of the rubber. While they might not be a deal breaker, they can affect handling and braking performance.

If you notice that they're different, ask the seller why?

Ultimately, if there are mismatched tires on a used car you're looking at, consider that before making a purchase decision. A new set of four tires can cost between $500 - $1,200.

2. Salvage Titles and Accidents

Vehicle History Reports

Vehicle history reports are an invaluable tool for buying a used car. These reports provide detailed information about the vehicle's past, including its accident, ownership history, and any reported service or maintenance issues.

When you receive a vehicle history report, look for red flags, such as previous accidents or title problems, that may indicate the car has been damaged somehow.

Red Flag: I would avoid salvage or rebuilt titled vehicles if you are unfamiliar with these branded titles. Your insurance company might reject coverage.

You should also check for open recalls, which may give you insight into any potential safety issues with the car.

Accident Damage & Damage History

Unfortunately, accidents happen constantly; if they are reported, they will be listed in the vehicle history report.

If the repairs were done properly, this could sometimes be hard to spot, so you'll need to take some extra time to inspect the car's exterior for any signs of repair work. Poor workmanship can be mismatched paint color and wavy paint surfaces.

Pay attention to misaligned panels, inconsistent gaps between doors and windows, and mismatched paint colors. These could indicate that the car has been in a collision at some point if the accident was never reported.

Regarding the paint, if something doesn't look right or seems suspicious, it may be best to walk away from the deal altogether.

Researching a car's damage history is essential for any responsible buyer, and it could save you from making a costly mistake.

3. Dash Lights and Inspection Sticker

When buying a used car, one of the first things you should do is turn on the engine and check for any warning lights on the dashboard.

That said, I always look at the dash lights when I look at a used car I am considering purchasing.

The vehicle should start up easily and quickly. If there are any dash lights, I would ask the seller about these.

Today's modern vehicles have many sensors, and if there is anything out of range with the air-to-fuel ratio, it will commonly trigger a check engine light.

The most common reasons for dash lights are emission related. If the car runs smoothly, it might be a minor issue of a bad oxygen sensor, spark plugs, or ignition coils.

If you spot any warning lights, ask about them and why they're present.

If it is SERVICE soon, It could be a minor issue such as needing an oil change or brake pad indicator.

However, if the car is running rough and is smoking out the exhaust, it could indicate a bigger problem.

4. Engine Startup and Exhaust Color

Upon startup, the exhaust might be white due to the moisture and condensation in the exhaust. But it should not continue to smoke, and the water vapor should dissipate quickly. Any other colors from the muffler might indicate an underlying problem with the car.

Here are some signs that can help tell you what the potential issue might be:

• Blue smoke- Blue smoke shows the car burns oil in the combustion engine. This might be due to damaged cylinder heads and bad piston rings that allow blow-by. This is a big job, and I would avoid the vehicle if you see this.
• White Smoke -White smoke on startup normal. However, plumes of white smoke with a sweet smell can indicate that coolant is being burned, and it can possibly be a bad head gasket. If the smoke continues to thicken as it billows out, it may be a bigger problem and headache to fix.
• Black Smoke - Black smoke means it's burning and rich in excess fuel. It could be a MAF error or injectors. If you notice this, I will avoid this since injectors can be an expensive part to replace.

Missing or Failed Emission inspection

Failed emission inspections can be a huge hassle for used car buyers. The good news is commonly an ignition coil issue or an o2 sensor. Both of them are relatively quick and cheaper fixes. However, the bad news is that it can be costly if the problem needs to be caught early enough.

If the vehicle normally drives, using this check engine light might be ok to negotiate the price. An OBD scan of the car will quickly identify the potential issue for the dash light.

When buying a used car, always check the vehicle's CarFax report to see if it has failed any emissions tests in the past. If it has not been addressed, this could indicate a potential engine or mechanical issue that was too expensive to fix for the seller.

TIP: Do not believe if the seller says it's a fuse or something. If it were a cheap fix, it would have been done already.

Remember, if your vehicle fails its emissions inspection, you must have it repaired before legally driving it on public roads. A failed inspection has 30 days to repair and reinspect the car.

Parts like a bad catalytic converter or head gasket can outweigh the cost savings and are hefty repair bills. Therefore, ensuring that any used car you're considering has passed its emission inspection before agreeing to buy it is important.

No Inspection

If the inspection sticker is expired or missing, you will want to ensure that you have the car looked at by a mechanic with a PPI or scanned with an OBD scanner to check for fault codes. An expired sticker might indicate that the car was not driven for many months or years.

I always want to purchase a running and driving vehicle unless I plan to part out or have a project car. No matter how tempting, only buy a used car with an inspection done first. It's the only way to ensure you're getting a quality vehicle and not being taken for a ride. 

5. Weird Noises and Smells

When it comes to buying a used car, the smell of the vehicle can tell you a lot about its condition and history. It's important to use all your senses when inspecting a used vehicle – including your nose!

If you notice an unusual weird smell inside the cabin, it could indicate that the car has been flooded at some point. Water has a very distinct smell if it sits. If you have any whiff of mold, it's there. You should also check under the hood for corrosion or mold growth signs. These things indicate that the car may have been in contact with water at some point and, therefore, should be avoided if possible.

There are ways to mitigate it, but you need to negotiate the price for a professional detail, or you can follow the steps listed here regarding removing smells in your car.

The vehicle might have an unpleasant odor if the previous car owner was a smoker. Such smells can be difficult to remove, but with time it is possible to lessen them significantly.

By following these tips, you can be sure to make an informed decision when it comes to buying a used car. So remember to trust your nose - it may just give you the necessary answer!

Do You Smell of Mold or Mildew?

Mold and mildew can be a big red flag for used cars. Not only is it unpleasant, but it could indicate that the car has been exposed to water at some point. If you notice a musty smell, look for signs of discoloration or corrosion – both water damage indicators. Also, check underneath the car for any signs of rust or mold growth.

Water damage in a vehicle can significantly damage mechanical systems, electronics, and lubricants, which may prove costly to repair. Therefore, it is vital to consider any warning signs of water damage. This can be incredibly expensive to repair, so taking these red flags seriously is important. When purchasing from a private seller, inquire about the source of any odors and if any repair work has been done on the vehicle.

It's important to remember that mold and mildew can be a big red flag when it comes to used cars.

TIP: I have purchased cars with some water intrusion. I knew what I was getting into and could fix the problem after repairing the window vapor barrier and tail light assembly.

6. Low Prices

If it's too good to be true, it usually is.

Finding a great deal on a used car is every driver's dream. But it would help if you were wary of any vehicle with an unbelievably low price tag.

The seller might be offloading a problematic vehicle to the next buyer. Before signing any paperwork, check the average market value of the make and model to compare prices. If something seems way off, then it's likely because there's something wrong with the car.

From experience, low-priced cars have engine issues, salvaged titles, or transmission issues. It will usually say "mechanic special" or something similar. The other tactic is to list "$3,000" for a new car, but that is typically just the downpayment, and the full asking price is thousands of dollars more.

When it comes to used cars, always trust your gut—if the price feels too good to be true, it likely is! But don't forget to look out for rust or other damage that could lower the car's value even further.

7. Rust, Dull Paint, and Wavy Bodywork

Rust or Other Damage

Rust and other forms of damage can often be hard to spot, especially if you don't know what you're looking for. Rust is caused by exposure to the elements over time, so looking at more exposed parts—like the side skirts, wheel wells, and the trunk area is important.

Rust can form under the paint and cause blistering. The bad thing about rust is that it can continue to spread without you knowing. This can impact the subfloor and the frame of the car, as well as other components. You should grade the car in Good or Fair condition based on any rust issues.

Rust on fenders can be replaced with a new fender, but rust on the body panels can be costly to repair.

These things can add up to a lower resale value and might not be worth investing in.

Mismatched Paint & Window Sticker

Mismatched Paint & Window Sticker

One of the most important things you should look for when buying a used car is mismatched paint and poor bodywork. The paint should be smooth and not wavy. Cross-reference the vehicle history report for accidents and check the areas for poor workmanship.

It's possible that the car has been in an accident or suffered some other type of damage and then repaired with parts from another vehicle. But the paint should match pretty well.

If you are ok with not-so-perfect paint, you can also use that as part of your negotiations.

Final Thoughts on Red Flags

I've shared my experience and insider tips on what I look for in a used car. These red flags are not the end all be all, but these are my special deal breakers for me.

As I mentioned in many of my articles, more opportunities will always exist to find another vehicle. If you follow these steps and the checklist in my Top 3 Rules for Being a Used Car, you will be well on your way to finding a great deal with your next vehicle.

If you have any questions, please reach out or comment below. We love to hear from our readers.

Is it worth buying a 10 year old car today? 

Short answer: YES!

I have personally owned new, old, and really old cars. In fact, two of the vehicles in my collection are over 20 years old.

You will be surprised at how modern a 10-year-old vehicle looks.  Honestly, it is not a very long time in the age of a vehicle. 

However, doing some things would help to ensure you don't get stuck with a money pit. 

The adage goes that there is nothing MORE expensive than a cheap car. 

Buying a 10-year-old car can be a great way to save money without sacrificing quality. But is it really worth it? Let's explore what you should know before purchasing an older car so that you can make an informed decision.

While this is true that maintenance and repairs can pop up more often, the cost savings compared to a brand-new car is significant. 

Data shows that new car prices are more than $45,000 today. However, a 10-year-old car can be had for a fraction of that amount. 

Ideally, if you are not a car person, here is a breakdown of the age and the cost savings regarding used cars.

Tips for Buying a 10-Year-Old Car: What to Look For on Older Vehicles?

Click to Download the FREE GUIDE on the Top 3 Rules to Buying a Used Car

Vehicle History Report & Previous Owners

Before purchasing a used car, I request a vehicle history report or buy a Carfax on my own. This will tell me exactly who the previous owners were and how they maintained the vehicle. It's important to know this information to make an informed decision on whether or not to buy the car.

Red Flags to Look Out For

It'll tell you if the car has had any major repairs, been in an accident, or faced recalls. This will help you decide whether the vehicle is worth buying. I always purchase a VHR once I determine that I am serious about test driving and considering purchasing.

Checking for previous owners and accidents

When I have the vehicle history report, I will also consider the number of owners. This will tell me exactly who the previous owners were and how they maintained the vehicle. Knowing this information gives me an understanding of the car's condition and whether it has been taken care of properly by its previous owner.

When examining the VHR, there are several things to consider. Notice the number of owners. I like 1-2 owner cars.

TIP: If a car were only owned for less than a year, that is a potential red flag. 

In addition, I also look closely for any red flags in the report. Has the car been involved in any major accidents? Was there any major engine work done? Is the title branded?

Repeated electrical issues that were reported recently could be a bigger problem soon. If you cannot get a PPI or a pre-purchase inspection, use the report to help determine the history.

One Owner Cars Are Desirable

The best type of cars to buy are ones with one owner, a long history of dealer service maintenance, and low, low miles. These are unicorns.

However, there are PLENTY of good, solid cars on the market, and there will ALWAYS be an opportunity to find another one. You can look at newer cars, like CPO cars.

If you buy a certified pre-owned vehicle, you may get access to additional benefits, such as extended warranties and other perks. However, keep in mind that even with these options, repair costs can still add up quickly when buying an older car that is out of warranty.

Remember that the average car mileage is about 10k-12k miles per year, so I would not shy away from higher miles.

For example, a 10-year-old car might be approaching 100k miles or have a tick over it with 105k miles.

My Real-World Experience Buying a 10-Year-Old Car

For example, I purchased an Audi A4 from an original owner with dealer services from Craiglist a few years ago. It was a no-brainer since the car was in immaculate condition and was only used for commuting. The seller had no pets or kids, so the back seats were mint. I purchased this for his full asking price of $6,500 since it had 105,888 miles. (There are good buys if you know what you are looking for)

Fast forward 9 years, and the ownership has been wonderful. We did have some major items to replace, like the high-pressure fuel pump, axels, and exhaust, but it still drives beautifully today with 143,888 miles on the odometer.

(Hint: We don't drive much) The Audi is already 17 years old, and at 160k miles, we will get the timing belt done.

While it might be exciting to buy a used car with high miles and a long vehicle history report, you still need to consider any potential repairs required to pass emissions and state inspection.

Unfortunately, many buyers pay expensive maintenance or repair costs, making their good deal into a money pit.

10-year-old cars should NOT have any major issues. If so, I would walk away from the deal. In addition, 10-year-old vehicles should still look new-ish and not have a branded rebuilt title.

One of my rules is to avoid REBUILT titles if you are unfamiliar with cars. Plus, your insurance company might not cover an R-titled vehicle. Do your homework first.

Dealing with Multiple Owners

If there are 3-4 owners, I would only consider if the price was right.

On the Carfax or VHR look at maintenance records. Does it show oil changes and regular inspections? As long as the maintenance is good, the price and the test drive are good, and then I would consider a multiple-owner vehicle. 

TIP: If the car does NOT have a current inspection or has recently failed inspection, I would walk away. If you are not careful, engine or emission issues can quickly add up in repair costs. Keep looking for a better one.

Vehicle History Report: Accidents

When looking at a vehicle history report, looking for any red flags is important.

1. Has the car been in any major accidents? 
2. Was there any major engine work done? 

Answering these questions will help you understand the condition of the vehicle and whether or not it has been taken care of properly by its previous owner.

In addition, you should also ask questions about why the car was originally sold by its previous owner. If they had serious financial problems or had to move away, this may be a sign that they couldn't keep up with regular maintenance or repair costs for their vehicle.

A vehicle history report is invaluable for anyone considering buying a used car. With this report, you can gain insight into the car's past and make an informed decision about whether or not it's worth bringing home. Get ready to dig deeper as we explore how to check for previous owners and major accidents in the next section!

Pros of Buying a 10-Year-Old Car

As mentioned above, owning a 10-year-old car can be a great option! They are cheaper than new cars; they often have major repairs done by the time you purchase. 

Most modern cars have improved over the years, and as long as you avoid high-performance engines, you should have trouble-free years of ownership.

Be sure to download your free guide on what to look for in used cars. I cover my top 3 rules for buying a used car, and this is especially true for 10-year-old vehicles.  

Let's next dive into some of the cons to consider.

Cons of Buying a 10-Year-Old Car

When looking to buy a used car that's over 10 years old, there are many variables to think about. Most commonly, you will want to search in google "Model common problems." 

The results will help you identify potential issues when you look at the vehicle. This can also include any open recalls that come up. 

For example, my BMW had a few airbags recalls and an HVAC connection. The manufacturer typically covers recalls, but other issues may cost out of pocket. 

Another disadvantage is higher miles. I suggest that you look at cars with average yearly miles.

Higher miles wear out components like bushings, suspension parts, brakes, and tires.

Potential repair costs and expenses

When I bought my 10-year-old car, I knew that maintenance costs would be more frequent than a newer car, but I ensured the model I was looking at was reliable.

The worst thing to purchase is a beautiful car that has inherent problems. This is why it is so important to ask the seller," Why are you selling your car or truck?" 

Depending on their answer, it can help you decide if it makes sense and is worth purchasing. 

Repairs will be part of buying a 10-year-old car, but you should come out ahead based on the depreciation curve. For example, most of these repairs cost me a few hundred dollars each time, but it was well worth it in the long run because the car continued to perform in like-new condition.

Ultimately, owning a 10-year-old car can be just as reliable as purchasing a new one if you are willing to put in the effort and expense for proper maintenance and prompt repairs. It is important to remember that with age comes increased repair costs, so it is best to budget for them accordingly!

You can follow the table above on the estimated repair budget per year. 

What to Expect from a 10-Year-Old Car

As an automotive enthusiast, I've bought lots of used cars. Buying a 10-year-old car can be a financial win or a budget-busting mistake. Before buying, there are things to consider:

When it comes to buying a 10-year-old car, there are many things to think about. Age, mileage, condition, and value must all be considered.

A car driven for 10 years with high miles could need better maintenance. Check for signs of wear and tear.

• The car's condition. Check if it has high miles – repairs may be needed soon after purchase. Get a Vehicle History Report – this shows accident history, recalls, and more. 
• 10-year-old cars should not have: Rust damage, Upholstery tears, Cracked glass, Mismatched paint

• Availability of parts if repairs are needed. The vehicle may no longer be in production – parts could be expensive or hard to find. Research which models are more reliable.
  

Final Thoughts: Is it Worth Buying a 10-Year-Old Car?

From my personal experience and ownership, it is worth buying a 10-year-old car with higher mileage and a clean vehicle history. Acquiring a good-condition used car for just above book value and incurring lower maintenance costs makes this choice worthwhile and a smart financial move.

Before you take the plunge, consider all the factors that come into play when buying an older car, from maintenance costs to potential repair expenses. The good news is that with some research and due diligence, you can find a reliable vehicle for a fraction of the cost of a newer model.

Remember to have the vehicle inspected by a mechanic if possible. Otherwise, you can bring an OBD scanner to help scan the car for codes.  

I'm confident you can find the right car for your goals. Be sure to do your research.

Download the FREE GUIDE on the Top 3 Rules to Buying a Used Car

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is it worth buying a 10-year-old car?

A: It really depends on the condition of the car. If it's been well-maintained, it could be a great buy. Check out a vehicle history report to get an idea of the car's maintenance history. It's also important to have a mechanic inspect the vehicle before purchasing.

Q: What should I look for when buying a 10-year-old car?

A: It's important to check the car's maintenance records and vehicle history report. You'll want to ensure the brakes, tires, and suspension are all in good condition. Also, look for signs of wear and tear, including rust, dents, and scratches.

Q: Are high-mileage cars worth it?

A: It depends on the condition and maintenance of the car. A high-mileage car could be a great buy if it's been well-maintained. However, it's important to do your research and get a vehicle history report before purchasing.

How To Buy Manual Car Without Knowing How to Drive One

If you're like many people, you've been dreaming of the independence and thrill of having your own car for some time. But if you don't know how to drive manual, it can seem like the dream of owning a manual car is out of reach. Don't worry, it is still possible to buy a good, solid manual car even though you might not know how to drive one right now. 

While many manufacturers are focusing on automatic transmissions because they are more fuel efficient, shift faster and require less maintenance, there are a niche set of drivers that want to continue to enjoy manually shifting a car. 

Data does show that vehicles with manual transmissions are 1% of the cars produced each year. In the 1980's, the percentage of manual cars was 35%. This does indicate how technology is the driving force of change.

However, there are collectors, car enthusiasts and drivers who still want to enjoy the feel of being connected with the engine and vehicle with their left foot. You might be in the small group. Don't worry, its not rocket science. It is entirely possible to buy a manual car even if you don't know how to drive stick shift.

Here's how!

Bring Someone With You

When you're buying a manual car, it's important to bring someone along who has manual experience driving one. It's true that the vast majority of buyers aren't expected to drive their manuals perfectly the first time around, having an experienced driver by your side can save you a lot of grief, embarrassment, hassle and disappointment in the long run. Not only should they help evaluate how it drives, they'll be able to spot signs of anything that could pose as a risk or problem with the car itself.

Preferably, you will want someone who is also knowledgable with cars in general, since their input will help you determine the feel of the clutch pedal. Newbie drivers will not be familiar with a bad clutch while they focus on not stalling.

Furthermore, an experienced driver may point out parts that could use some replacement or repair such as clutches, transmission mounts and filters which may need some attention before you settle on purchasing the vehicle. They can also recommend professional services such as clutch inspections which they wouldn’t have any chance of spotting while simply behind the wheel.

The driver will be able to let you know if there is something inherently wrong with the transmission. When you take your first test drives it’s best to start slow and look for any unusual vibrations or sounds that could point out issues with gearbox, clutch or engine.

Pay attention when shifting between speeds and make sure to shift seamlessly with few jerks. Look for how much effort is required when driving around curves and in city streets — if the car is difficult to maneuver, this could be an indication that gearbox needs adjustment.

By bringing an experienced friend along with you when you're making your purchase decision for your manual car can make all the difference in avoiding future headaches or unpleasant surprises when its time take off in your new ride for the first time!

Practice Before Test Drive

As a first-time buyer of a manual car, you may feel slightly overwhelmed in your hunt for the perfect model. Before going out to test drive cars, it’s important to get some practice driving a stick shift.

First, you will want to find a good sized parking lot. Many parking lots have spaces that are large enough to allow a few practice maneuvers such as proper stopping and switching gears. This can help you get a feel for the rhythm of switches and make your test drive to car much more successful.

Once you’ve had some practice driving in a controlled setting, it’s time to take your newfound skills out on the open road. Remember to take things slow. 

It will take some time to get used to balancing the clutch with the gas pedal. In fact, there is a high degree of chance that you will make wrong gear mistakes with a standard transmission. Compared the the automatic transmission counterpart, you will need to learn how to have gentle clutch control, especially with brake to gas.

Stick shift driving is very different on hills and stop and go traffic. These are the two scenarios where drivers have the most complaints.

Research Best Cars to Learn Manual

Before you start shopping, here are some tips for buying a manual car without knowing how to drive it:

Identify Beginner-Friendly Cars: Many cars can be good for learning how to drive manual transmissions, but there are some models and brands that are particularly well suited for beginners based on their size, weight and other features. Popular cars such as the Honda Civic, Ford Focus and Mazda Miata are great places to start researching because they have manageable clutch action, responsive gearboxes and relatively shallow learning curves when starting out.

Honda Civic

The Honda Civic is the premier pick for manual driving novices: its transmission has a smooth and responsive feel, making gear-shifting effortless. With excellent maneuverability and balance due to its agile design, you can depend on it to practice various techniques safely. Plus, thanks to its sturdiness and durability reputation, you know that this car won't let you down in terms of reliability - ensuring that your lessons will last!

Ford Focus

The Ford Focus is an ideal car for those looking to learn how to drive manual. Its smooth and precise transmission makes it easy to switch gears, allowing you to master the art of driving stick quickly. On top of that, its well-balanced handling abilities make it a great choice for practicing different maneuvers while honing your skills on the road. And if you ever need help along the way, rest assured - the vast performance and aftermarket parts community will be there in support!

Mazda Miata

If you're looking for an incredibly fun and reliable sports car, look no further than the Mazda Miata. Its precise transmission makes it easy to shift gears as you become accustomed to manual driving, while its nimble handling enables drivers to practice a variety of techniques with confidence. Additionally, known for both durability and dependability, this remarkable vehicle is sure to provide years of memorable experiences on the road!

Subaru Impreza

When it comes to learning manual driving, the Subaru Impreza is an ideal choice. Boasting a reliable all-wheel drive system and rock solid grip on slippery roads as well as normal driving conditions, it has earned its reputation as one of the finest weather vehicles ever made. The transmission also makes shifting gears simple and smooth while providing excellent control over your ride. Moreover, you can rest assured knowing that not only will this car provide top tier performance today but for many years to come! This is especially true with the community of driving purists within the Subaru owners. 

Note: In 2024, Subaru will be dropping the manual transmission for the Impreza. 

Volkswagen Golf

With a renowned reputation for reliability, precision transmission and superior handling capabilities, the Volkswagen Golf is an excellent choice when learning to drive manual. Its responsive gearbox ensures smooth shifting while its balanced agility allows drivers to practice different maneuvers with ease. Plus, you can depend on this car's durability as it has proven itself time and again in both performance and longevity - making it the perfect vehicle for novice motorists!

As you narrow down your list of cars to look at, pay close attention to keys aspects of the cars you’re considering such as gear lever travel (long or short), shift pattern (standard H or reverse H), engine revs per mile (high vs low speed) and steering feel (firm or soft). Knowing these details can help you make an informed decision about which car would be suitable for learning with.

TIP: Try Out a Few Models: It’s always helpful to test out a few different vehicle models before choosing one specifically designed for manual transmission drivers. As you learn, this will give you an idea of what’s right or wrong with each one and see if it fits your needs or not. Be sure to visit dealerships during the day with plenty of time so that you can really get comfortable behind the wheel before making any decisions about which one is right for you!

Benefits of Manual Transmission

When it comes to buying a car, one of the primary questions to consider is whether to get a manual or automatic transmission. While there are many benefits that come with an automatic, opting for a manual is far more cost-effective and allows for a more engaging driving experience.

Manual transmission vehicles are known for their fuel efficiency as they allow the driver to be in complete control of the gear shifts and often require less fuel than an automatic. Manual cars also offer fun, as gear shifting becomes part of the driving experience, providing an enjoyable experience.

With a manual car, drivers have better engine control than with an automatic transmission. Manual cars offer flexibility with how you drive; you can choose when to shift gears through anticipated terrain such as going uphill or accelerating on flat surfaces. This allows you to adjust your speed no matter what kind of conditions you’re faced with.

With a manual car, the driver has ultimate control over their speed because they can choose when to change gears and can easily slow down or speed up depending on their preference and current road conditions. This makes it easier and safer while navigating through traffic or hazardous road conditions such as bad weather or unexpected turns in the road.

All in all, manual transmission cars have better fuel economy, require less maintenance no matter what type of vehicle you’re looking at purchasing whether that be an SUV or sports car thus saving on costs overtime; plus having optimized performance if well maintained; are more fun and engaging compared to autos; and provide full control allowing drivers decide when they want shift up or down helping them anticipate traffic ahead without having pre-programmed gear shifting techniques by auto transmissions.

Driving Considerations

Before deciding against a manual transmission, let's consider the following factors that could influence your decision:

Hills: Driving a manual transmission on hilly terrain can be quite intimidating. Truth be told, hill starts demand precise gear shifting and perfect clutch control. If you're living in an area full of hills, then opting for a car with manual transmission may not be the best choice when considering comfortability and convenience. A steep hill may pose a significant challenge as a newbie driver. However, with enough practice, you should be able to tackle any hill of any size. 

City traffic: For those who frequently encounter heavy urban traffic, a manual transmission can be exhausting to drive due its constant requirement for shifting and monitoring of gears. If your daily commute consists largely of stop-and-go driving, it may not be the most convenient choice for you.

Foot injuries: If you have an injury or condition that restricts your usage of pedals, a manual shift car could be problematic. This is because driving such a vehicle requires frequent use of the clutch pedal, something which might result in discomfort for some drivers.

Not universal for all drivers: The decision of whether to drive a manual or automatic transmission comes down to personal taste and what best suits your capabilities. It is worth noting, however, that some drivers may not be comfortable handling a manual gearbox; after all, there is no wrong choice when it comes to selecting an auto-shift over a standard - both have their respective pros and cons! Ultimately though: whichever feels most convenient for you should be the one you opt for.

Final Thoughts

If you're new to driving a manual car, it may seem daunting. But with thorough preparation and the right resources here at BuyCarBlog, conquering this task is completely achievable.

Spend time researching different models of manual cars that appeal to you; take them out for test drives whenever possible; seek advice from experienced mechanics and friends who have experience with these vehicles - all of these steps will help you make an educated decision when buying a new or used car.

It won't be easy but the rewards are plentiful! Owning a manual car can provide plenty of satisfaction in return for taking the effort upfront. Trust me, its worth it!

Whether is new or a used car, there are specific things that I recommend you check. You might be feeling anxious and excited on the prospect of your new vehicle but we'll cover the top things you need to check to ensure a good purchase overall.

If you are looking at a used car, there are common issues that are bound to happen. Items like wear and tear, engine leaks and interior smells are often part of the landscape with used cars.

Just follow the checklist below on the things you should check when you see the car in person to avoid expensive repair costs.

Pricing

Figuring out how much to pay for a pre-owned car isn't as clear cut as it is with new ones since there a lot of factors. Things like condition, mileage and ownership vary from car to car. I like to educate visitors that every car is unique.

You might have the same year, same model and make but the vehicle will have its own distinctive character. This is true for every used car that I have purchased.

Market Price

The first step in your journey is the determine the market price. Vehicle prices will vary depending on where you are looking. If you are buying from a dealership it would be considered Retail. However, if you are purchasing from a private seller, then you would be looking at Private Party prices.

Three of the most popular tools used for this purpose are the NADA Guide, Kelley Blue Book (KBB) and Edmunds.com True Market Value (TMV). I personally like KBB.com as they are the most accurate over the years I have used them.

All of the tools are free, so you should compare and use the number as a guide and not absolute. Look to aim for a fair price based on the latest information. 

As mentioned there is a Marketplace Price and Retail Value. The Market Price displays what you could acquire if you were buying from an individual seller. Retail purchase prices are typically $2,000-4,000 more based on the make and model.

As a result, the Retail Price for a vehicle will usually be higher than other pricing sources, as it incorporates the additional cost associated with having an experienced shop inspect and certify your purchase before sale. In addition, there may be additional documentation and dealer prep fees that are not advertised, so be sure to ask about them during your search.

Once you are happy and comfortable with the price, then it's time to look at the vehicle history report.

In addition, depending on the age of the vehicle, if its a 3-year old vehicle that just came out in the last few years, then you might have some of the balance available from the factory warranty. You will need to check the warranty period and see if the factory warranty is transferable.

Vehicle History Report

When you are buying a used car, it is important to do your research to make sure you are making a sound investment. Run a vehicle history report to help assess the condition of a used car. This type of report allows you to view the car's full service and repair history, including any potential issues with the vehicle.

This is my number #1 rule that you MUST always review the Vehicle History Report (VHR). You can obtain the report by inputing the vehicle identification number.

If you want to get an accurate view of a vehicle's history, services like Carfax or AutoCheck can provide you all available information that was reported.

If everything is good there, then you can run a free report to National Motor Vehicle Title Information System (NMVTIS). NMVTIS offers consumers access to essential state-by-state title information on all motor vehicles so that they can assess potential odometer rollback, flood damage, frame damage, theft or fire damage etc.

Both Carfax and AutoCheck will have data from the vehicle's service records, number of previous owners, ownership history, and annual vehicle registrations. If you are lucky, you might determine that the seller is the original owners of the vehicle.

Private-party sellers will be able to share some history behind the ownership. This can include recent repairs and previous stories of past accidents.

Ideally, you will want to look for a low-mileage car that has on average 10,000 miles per year that has passed. If it's less, that is good. 

Carfax

Carfax has been providing consumers with reliable automotive history information on used cars for almost three decades. Their objective is still the same: to give customers an effortless way to uncover previous ownership histories, from collision reports and maintenance records all the way down to service advisories that may need attention before making a purchase of a pre-owned car.

AutoCheck

When shopping for that ideal car, AutoCheck takes it one step further by carefully examining each item and providing a unique score. This is especially helpful when comparing multiple vehicles as opposed to just relying on dealerships' reports. AutoCheck's details may differ from Carfax but it sometimes use AutoCheck based on what is available at that time.

AutoCheck is also a good option if it is available with the car listing.

Check All Electrical Systems

When purchasing a second-hand car, taking the time to closely inspect every aspect of its electrical system is important.

Today's vehicles are computerized and all the major components are powered.

Many components can be expensive to replace or swap out, so it's worth investing some extra effort into inspecting them properly. Make sure you give all lights (interior and exterior), heating & air conditioning systems, radios , license plate lights and other infotainment devices due consideration before making your purchase decision. Have someone with you and check the lights, all windows and sunroof.

Begin the diagnostic process by ensuring that all of your car's lights are in working order – headlights, taillights, signals and brake lights as well as dome or map light inside. To avoid any potential wiring damages over time, make sure any exterior bulbs have been replaced with stock bulbs that match both size and color. Sometimes aftermarket lighting systems can create a parasitic draw that will drain your battery.

Regarding the windows, if any of the windows jam halfway through, gently test if it rolls back up without difficulty before continuing further; listen out for peculiar motor noise or indication of bearing wear. Replacement of window regulators can cost from $200-$500 parts and labor.

Check the Heating and Cooling

Is the vehicle's Heating & A/C fan running properly? Does the blower motor speed adjust accurately? High speed should blow with more power than low-speed but not too loudly! The air should blow hot or cold air based on the settings. Heater core replacement or Air conditioner condensers are costly and can start at $1,000 to replace.

Make sure all the vents are blowing. Sometimes on older vehicles, the HVAC servo might be broken. While the parts might not be expensive, tearing into the dash to replace them will add up. 

Engine and Leaks

When you are in the market for a pre-owned car, it is essential to inspect and analyze its engine thoroughly. Poor maintenance or aging can cause leaks of various fluids - consequently, always be sure to examine the vehicle closely so that any such signs do not slip under your radar.

You can detect the need for maintenance on your vehicle by looking out for oil or coolant that has pooled up underneath it when parked.

You can look on the ground for any signs of stains on the asphalt. Oil will be black in color while transmission fluid will be reddish. If you smell a little sweet smell, then it might be coolant.

A leak could be indicative of a leak from an oil pan, valve cover gasket, radiator, hose or other components in the cooling system - all of which may require immediate repair. Additionally, exhaust leaks caused by broken seals and damaged pipes demand attention as well if you want to keep your car running smoothly.

An exhaust leak will cause the car to sound very loud and you will be able to hear it as you get closer to the leak. 

To ensure you acquire a competent vehicle, take the time to inspect its engine area thoroughly. Look for any signs of damage on seals and gaskets; all connectors and clamps should be strongly fastened in place.

Moreover, look under the hood during daylight hours so you can clearly identify oil- stained components or tears in hoses that may signal an issue with your chosen pre-owned car.

NOTE: Be weary on engine bays that are shiny and new. While it might be nice to look at, it could be signs that the seller is trying to hide previous leaks. Its best to find an engine bay that is reasonably clean but not recently shiny.

Interior Smells

When shopping for a used car, you may spend time assessing the condition of its interior.

But don't forget to factor in potential odors as well! Water can cause smells in the car as mold and bacteria can grow with humidity. You can also look under the carpet and trunk area for an sign of water damage such as rust or corrosion. 

Unpleasant smells resulting from mold or mildew growth due to leaks can be missed if there is a strong air freshener . Water will have a tendency to leak from areas like under floor mats or inside panels that are hard to spot. Similarly, watch out for telltale signs of cigarette smoke, pet hair, or food that could already be present within your vehicle.

Smoke is very hard to remove but we have an article that helps detail exactly how to get rid of smoke smell from car.  

The problem isn't as easy to solve as spraying an air freshener, if you'd like something more than a mask of artificial scent. Depending on the potency and source of bad odors in your car, eliminating them may be difficult, time-consuming work that could take many hours over multiple days. So be aware that smells in the car might be difficult to remove.

Musty odors could be a sign of water or flood damage. Be sure to check the floor mats and trunk for any water intrusion. 

Here is a quick tip: For those on a budget but wanting optimal results, place natural charcoal in key spots around the cabin - under seats, inside corners behind side panels - wherever there is potential to absorb malodorous agents. Furniture polishes with lemon or orange oil will temporarily break up unpleasant odors while leaving a pleasant aroma of their own; for even better outcomes try using organic solutions such as coffee grounds placed within open jars and bowls!

Bad Paint Work

As take a look at a used car, it's important to carefully examine the exterior and paint work. If any repairs have been made, make sure it's in good condition.

Rust can also be a potential issue in the future so be weary of rust bubbles or runs underneath the floorboards. Alongside checking for rust or corrosion that may be peeling through paintwork on door jambs and inside trunk trunks, be sure to take a good look over any car you’re considering buying.

The paint should be relatively smooth and if there is heavy oxidation, a good 3-step detail will help bring out the shine again. A professional car detailer will be able to restore 90% off the paint to showroom condition. Expect to pay between $200-$600 for a professional car detail. 

The body condition should have the same gaps between each body panel. Areas that have uneven or extreme gaps will indicate poor workmanship. 

Or worse off, the work might suggest that the painter was attempting to conceal bodywork damage.

However, if the paint is good enough and you are ok with the condition, then I would place greater importance on the mechanical condition on the vehicle. 

Final Thoughts

Buying a used vehicle is a great way to get a reliable car at an affordable price. But before you make your purchase, take the time to research the vehicle's history and have it inspected so that you know exactly what kind of condition it's in.

If you do your due diligence and are armed with the proper information, you can be sure to drive away with an excellent car for a fraction of what it would cost new. So get out there, start looking, and find yourself the perfect used car today!

How to Find the Right Used Car

Shopping for a used car can be a daunting task. From vehicle history reports to accounting for a Blue Book Value, the search can be lengthy, but don't give up!

Here is a quick checklist of what to check on a used car. 

In this article, you'll learn the key steps to finding the right used car. We'll discuss the auto loan pre-approval process to scheduling a test drive.

Get ready - you're one step closer to your new wheels!

Introduction

Buying a used car can be a great way to get the car of your dreams without breaking the bank.

But, you need to understand the steps to a successful used car-buying process. With the right due diligence, you'll make sure you are getting a reliable vehicle at a fair price.

You will find useful tips to make an informed buying decision.

Research Used Car Models

Before you start the process of buying a used car, research potential models ahead of time. Make a list of the makes and models that appeal to you.

You might need more space with an SUV or the performance of a sports car. You should list down the must-have things for your next vehicle.

Sometimes, you might not be aware of all the available makes and models so you should know. There are hundreds of choices from newish to late models.

Research online and reviews to learn more about each model. You should also consider ownership, fuel requirements and reliability.

Japanese brands like Honda and Toyota top the list of reliable cars that have high resale value. Kia and Hyundai are also highly regarded brands.

European brands have excellent driving dynamics but repair costs can quickly add up.

However, you can also find excellent domestic models like Ford, GM and Chrysler models. You should check out YouTube reviews and see if there are any major issues.

Get a Vehicle History Report

Getting a Vehicle History Report (VHR) is an important step in making sure you are getting a quality used car. I always recommend this as the next step if you are serious in buying a specific vehicle.

VHRs provide invaluable information about the history of a vehicle in one document.

The vehicle history report will include the service history, accidents and more. It will also include the number of owners and if the title is branded clean, rebuilt or salvaged.

You will want to aim for a clean title with no rebuilt history.

These reports can also help alert you to problems that are not visible from a visual inspection.

Using industry leading VHR services like CARFAX®, can help protect you from a bad buy.

This comprehensive report can be sent via email to make it easily accessible. Having this information allows buyers to make informed decisions when purchasing used vehicles.

Estimate the Vehicle’s Value Using KBB and Blue Book

When you’re shopping for a used car, it’s important to know the market value before you make an offer or consider buying.

Depending on the condition of the car or vehicle, you can negotiate the price.

The Blue Book value will help set your expectations and provide insight into what a fair deal on the car would be. Sometimes, sellers or dealerships may set unrealistic prices. I would skip those places.

The estimated retail price is based on factors such as year, make, model, mileage, and condition.

These values are described as Excellent, Good, Fair and Poor. Each condition corresponds to mechanics, exterior paint quality and interior trim. Be realistic and always underestimate versus thinking about its mint.

By knowing the estimated value before, allows you the ability to negotiate the price.

Find a Used Car Loan

When buying a used car, financing is usually an important consideration.

Many lenders offer attractive loan terms for used car purchases.  This includes fixed interest rates and terms that range from two to seven years.

Depending on your financial situation, I would suggest paying cash if possible.

If your FICO score is decent, then financing might make sense. Everyone is different but you know how much you can really afford.

Check your credit score before applying for a loan, as this will affect the interest rate you are offered.

I always suggest shopping around for different offers from different lenders. Credit unions are a good alternative to a traditional bank.

You can also use online tools to compare loan offers from many sources to make an informed decision.

The bigger the down payment, many lenders can offer lower rates. So if you can put down more, this will help you in the long run.

Some dealerships may offer their own financing. These may include incentives such as low interest or special terms.

Before signing for an auto loan, read through all the paperwork. Be aware of all fees such as prepayment penalties or late fees.

Test Drive the Vehicle

Make sure you know if there were any major repairs or accidents before driving the car. You may want to ask for copies of any repair invoices or accident reports.

Before buying a car, be sure to test drive it thoroughly. The performance at different speeds and road conditions will reveal a lot. See how it performs when accelerating from a standstill and heavy acceleration.

Also check out the tires of the vehicle. Tire can provide clues on the vehicle's ownership.  Other items to check are if doors lock , the windows work, cracks in the windshield, and so forth.

Also keep in mind that there may be some unusual sounds when accelerating or idling. If anything seems odd, don't hesitate to ask questions. Finally, make sure to bring someone else along for the ride so they can help you check the vehicle.

Negotiate a Price

Negotiating a price on a used car is an individual process.

To get the best deal, research car values to determine the typical sales price in your area.

Check out websites like Edmunds, Kelley Blue Book, and NADAGuides to get an accurate estimate of the price of similar vehicles in your area. Then set a budget and stick to it.

Next, choose a price that sounds fair to both parties. It should be something that’s lower than the asking prices but not too low that they’ll think you’re desperate. 

Remember to have patience. Even if it takes time and many visits to reach agreement on pricing, remember that good deals don't come easy!

Be prepared to walk away. My other rule is that there will ALWAY be another opportunity.

Remember there are always plenty of cars and you will find one at the right cost with fair terms!

Finalize the Purchase

Once you have identified the right used car and negotiated a reasonable price, it's time to close the deal.

To ensure your sale is successful, there are a few key steps to finalizing the sale.

Once you have identified the perfect used car and negotiated a reasonable price, it's time to close the deal.

There are several important steps involved in ensuring your order goes smoothly.

Check with your state's motor vehicles department for registration and license plate requirements. regulations. Your state may dictate what documentation you must present and how much tax or any other fees you owe.

It’s important to arrange for your new car to be insured before driving off. You don't want to risk a potential, costly mistake of not having insurance in an accident.

With so many insurance companies competing, this process can take less than 15 minutes over the phone. You will need to provide the VIN number and the address, where the car will be parked.

Make sure you get your new vehicle registered within 30 days and all taxes have been paid. Once you get your license plates and registration, you can start enjoying the car.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, buying a used car is a smart move for many reasons.

First, you'll know exactly what you're getting into from the beginning. This helps you avoid surprises later on.

Secondly, you'll be able to buy a quality vehicle without having to spend a fortune.

Third, you'll be able to get a great deal because you'll be able to negotiate with someone who knows their stuff.

All of these factors add up to a win-win situation, so don't hesitate to check out a used car market near you today!

How to Make Used Car Last Longer

Here are Four Proven Tips for Making Your Car Last Up to 200,000 Miles

Today, modern vehicles are able to last longer than cars our parents drove. But there are key things you can do to extend the life of your used vehicle.

While these are practical tips I've learned over the years of experience servicing my cars and others, there are fundamental tips that will help keep your car on the road.

We will cover some simple things you can do to help extend the life of your car, truck or SUV. In this article, I'll share with you four proven tips to help ensure that your used car lasts as long as possible.

Some of these tips might cost some money, but from experience, it's better to address smaller issues before they become bigger problems.

How to Hit 200,000 miles with Your Car

Most modern cars should be able to reach 100,000 easily. With that being said, joining the 200k mile club will take some attention from you and maintenance on your vehicle.

With computer monitoring systems and multiple sensors, today's vehicles will be able to tell you if something is wrong or needs to be addressed. It's when owners do not heed the warnings or take action on dash lights when bigger problems arise.

Let's dive in...

There are four areas that I typically suggest that you keep in mind to ensure your vehicle goes the miles.

They are:

1. Engine
2. Suspension
3. Exterior
4. Interior

Keep Your Engine Humming Along

Oil Changes

If there is one thing you take away from this article is that oil is the lifeblood of your vehicle. If you have an EV, then batteries are your lifeblood. Either way, they should be part of your regular maintenance.

Routine maintenance like oil changes are key to having a long lasting car. The oil helps keep the engine properly lubricated and pistons running smoothly. Changing and topping off engine oil are important parts of keeping your vehicle running smoothly.

The average cost of changing engine oil ranges between $30-$150 depending on the type of oil you use and how much work needs to be done. If you don't change it regularly, you could damage your engine over time by developing sludge buildup.

Synthetic oils should only be applied if specified by the manufacturer, and even then, synthetic oil isn't recommended for vehicles older than 10 years as it can develop leaks from the older seals since synthetic oils are thinner than conventional oil (Dino oil)

Spark Plugs

Today's modern engines are controlled by an ECU and as with anything else electronic, it can get worn and need to be replaced. Both the spark plugs and the coils can cause a misfire with your engine and impact your fuel economy since it deals with combustion and emissions.

Most misfires are commonly caused by either a bad ignition coil or bad spark plug. It will most likely trigger a "check engine light" or "service engine soon" light on your dash. You might feel rough idling or vibration. While spark plugs typically last up to 100,000 miles, I have replaced some that have failed at under 50,000 miles.

The function of the spark plug is to provide a high voltage discharge across the gap between the electrodes, thereby igniting the air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. This causes the rapid expansion of gases and pressure waves inside the combustion chamber, resulting in the power stroke.

If your mechanic suggests a tune-up, this will most likely be a replacement of your spark plugs and your ignition coils. One thing to note is to be aware of fake spark plugs that run rampant online.

Battery

Your battery needs to be changed every three to five years. This is because batteries are susceptible to corrosion over time. Because of today's modern engines, a low battery can trigger a few electrical issues with the car.

From experience, my BMW would trigger a few warning lights on the dash and was resolved with a new battery.

In addition, if you are having problems starting your car, it could be as simple as a low voltage on your battery. You can check the date on your battery by looking for a sticker with the month and year.

A new battery costs between $100-300 depending on the type of battery you buy. You can find replacement batteries at your local auto parts store or dealership. I have found AutoZone batteries to be a good value.

When checking your battery, look for any signs of corrosion on the terminal connections and carefully clean the oxidation. Be sure to wear nitrile gloves to protect your hands.

Change Air Filters Regularly

Change your air filters based on the recommended service interval. For example, an engine air filter needs replacing every year or 12,000 miles respectively. They are pretty easy to install and it doesn't cost too much money.

By changing the air filter, it will allow your car to "breathe" better and get better airflow for combustion. It can also help in improving your gas mileage.

Air filters can be washed and dried out regularly - just make sure you're not putting too much strain on them.

Always use genuine parts for any jobs.

Keep Your Ride Nice and Smooth: Suspension

Tire Replacement

Tires are wearable items on your car. It's part of the maintenance costs in owning a car. Having the right tire size and type will ensure your car lasts longer. Depending on the manufacturer, you should be able to get between 20k - 65k miles on the set of times.

When it comes to tire replacement, there are many things to consider. If your tires are 6 years old or show signs of dry rot or damage, you should consider replacing them.

We have an article about how to make your tires last longer and this will help ensure you get the most from your tires by rotating them and keeping the proper air pressure.

Brakes (Discs/Pads)

In addition to the tires, the brakes are one of the most important safety features on your car. Annual brake inspections are key to driving thousands of miles safely.

They stop you from crashing into things such as trees, poles, cars, etc. If your brakes fail, it could cause serious damage to your vehicle and even lead to death. Therefore, it is very important to know how often you should change your brake pads and rotors.

Typically, your car will trigger a brake service light or the ECU will sense that it's time for servicing. IMHO, you can get away with just replacing the brake pads for around $150. However, I suggest that you consider replacing the brake rotors if you have any vibration on during braking.

My typical schedule is to replace the brake rotors every 50,000 miles.

Shocks/Struts

Shock absorbers and strut replacements are common maintenance items for most vehicles. They help absorb road vibration, keep tires aligned properly, and protect the suspension system from damage.

Personally, as long as you keep your car stock, your OEM suspension should last over 100,000 miles. At that point, you can replace the shocks and struts with OE equivalent along with any bushings in order to restore the comfortable ride.

However, rough roads and aggressive driving can shorten the lifespan of shocks and struts, causing premature wear and tear. A quality shock or strut will last much longer than a cheap option.

Keeping It Clean Inside and Out

Wash it

Clean your car regularly. Car owners often think that cleaning their cars once a month is enough, but washing your vehicle more is better for the health of your paint job.

The key for a longer lasting car or vehicle is to avoid rust at all costs. Rust can cause damage to the paint and even lead to cracks. Washing your car keeps the dirt off the finish, preventing it from getting into the pores of the paint. If you do notice some minor scratches, don't worry about it - they're normal and won't affect how well your car looks.

However, if you live in an area that uses salt in the winter, then you will need to include washing your car as part of your routine maintenance.

In fact, rust is a HUGE factor in a car that is road worthy.

When you already have 100k+ miles on the car, then you want to keep rust from rusting out your subframe, body panels and jack points. I have seen cars perfectly mechanically being parted out because of rust. You can simply take a hose and rinse off the undercarriage from time to time to help.

Also, keep your car's interior as clean as possible too. You want to avoid attracting any pests or mice in your vehicle. Mice and rodents can easily chew wiring and engine harnesses. This can cost upwards of thousands of dollars in repairs.

Small Quick Fixes Avoid Bigger Problems and Large Repair Bills

A rattle or clunking sound coming from your vehicle could mean big trouble. If you hear one of those noises while driving, don't panic. In fact, there are some things you can do to fix it yourself without having to take your car into the shop.

Also, a small oil leak is normal as the age and miles rack up. However, you want to address if the oil is leaking on your belts or suspension. Oil can quickly deteriorate rubber parts.

By fixing small issues, will help avoid larger bills in the future. Think of it as an investment. 

Follow the Recommended Service Schedule

Make sure you stick to the scheduled maintenance dates listed in your owner’s manual. This will ensure that your car runs smoothly throughout the life of your vehicle. If you do not follow the recommended maintenance schedule, it could lead to costly repairs down the road.

Check the warning lights on the dashboard

If you notice any warning lights flashing on the dashboard, make sure you take note of what each light indicates. You might want to contact your local mechanic to find out what the problem is.

A lot of people overlook the warning signs on the dash. These are there to help alert drivers to potential problems that require immediate attention. For example, if you see a low oil warning sign, you should stop immediately and check the oil levels.

Don't Drive with Fuel on Empty

We are all guilty of it. But running your car on empty is bad for the fuel pump.

Did you know that fuel filters are lubricated and cooled by the fuel in your tank. If you have a habit of driving with 1/4 tank or less most of the time, your fuel pump's life will be shortened.

If you don’t keep your fuel at a proper level, it could mean big problems down the road.

If a fuel pump fails, you are stuck in the water. No fuel equals no fun. You will need to call a tow truck to tow you to the nearest auto repair shop for replacement. While this won't happen overnight, it will happen one day.

If you let your fuel level drop too low, however, this process stops working properly. Your fuel pump won’t draw in enough fuel and the pressure inside the tank drops. When this happens, there’s nothing to push the fuel out of the tank and it builds up behind the valve. Eventually, the buildup causes the valve to stick.

However, overfilled tanks are dangerous because the extra volume makes the fuel heavier and harder to move around. As a result, the fuel pumps struggle to pull the fuel out of the tanks and the pressure inside the tanks drops. This causes the fuel to flow backwards through the pipes and out of the filler neck.

Final Word

In conclusion, used cars aren't cheap, which means you want yours to last as long as possible. Fortunately, there are lots of simple steps you can take to help ensure that your car lasts longer than expected.

If you follow the steps in this article, you are well on your way to the 200k mile club. It is definitely possible. My car currently has 146k miles and the other at 142k miles.

First, keep your tires properly inflated and oil changes on schedule. A dirty engine can cause friction between moving parts, which can result in damage to critical components like bearings and seals. Finally, make sure you change your air filter regularly. Over time, dust and dirt build up inside the filter, causing it to clog up and reduce airflow through the engine.

These small changes can mean the difference between a reliable, trouble-free ride and a costly repair bill later on. If you have any other questions about car maintenance, let us know.

Remember, follow these simple tips to extend its lifespan.

What is a PPI for a Used Car?

A pre-purchase inspection or PPI is recommended for any new car purchase. The only time that I would forgo a PPI is if the car is brand new or CPO'd, where you would be covered by an extended warranty.

In fact, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), approximately 40 percent of cars sold in America today are bought without ever going through a pre-purchase inspection.

My general rule of thumb is that if a car's price is more than $10,000, then it would merit a professional PPI. Anything that is priced under $10,000, I'm willing to roll the dice on it after I have a chance to personally test drive the car, scan the car using an OBD scanner and speak with the owner.

If it's a car that you are financing for more that $10,000 and without a warranty, I definitely would recommend a PPI. Most sellers would be ok if you made the process as easy for them to do.

During a PPI, the auto shop or dealership would run a full gamut of diagnostics as well as look at the engine and undercarriage for any issues. In my case, I had my PPI done at my local Mercedes Benz dealership. This was to ensure that all possible repairs would be identified.

In this article, we will cover the most common questions people ask about PPI and how best to approach the seller.

Just a quick note, a PPI is different from a DMV basic inspection like an annual car inspection which is required for the state.

What Is a Pre-Purchase Car Inspection?

A car pre-purchase inspection is a comprehensive look at how well a vehicle runs. You want to make sure it doesn't cost you money later. This is an investment to avoid possible headaches later. The technician will provide a detailed assessment of the condition of the car.

Before you order a PPI, you should have already reviewed the vehicle history report and seen the car. If the history report looks good and the car seems like a decent buy, a PPI will help uncover any other potential issues. They will scan the car, put it on a lift and check for leaks. It is a very comprehensive vehicle inspection that offers some protection from hidden damage or repairs.

The pre-purchase vehicle inspection should take a day or so. When I scouted around, some shops said it would take a few hours while the dealership informed me that it would take a day or so.

Not all PPIs are the same, you will need to speak to the auto shop and ask them if they offer PPI services.

How to Choose an Auto Shop for a PPI?

There are several factors to take into account when choosing a pre-purchase car inspection shop. Here are some questions you should ask yourself about every one.

1. How long has the company been around?

2. What do the customer reviews say?

3. What do they charge per PPI?

4. Do they specialize with the manufacturer or handle all types of brands?

5. How long does the PPI take?

When shopping around for a PPI, do a quick search for PPI "name brand"? Depending on your location, you might be better off with an indie shop. I'm located in a metropolitan area and I was able to select a dealership.

I would typically have my local indie shop review the car but cost wise, the difference in PPI prices was only $100+ or so. Thus I opted for a dealership to perform the PPI.

A PPI is a good way to make sure your car is running smoothly before buying it. But what exactly goes into one? There are many different types of inspections out there, and some are better than others. Here’s what you need to know about a PPI.

Various Aspects of a PPI

There are several different areas looked at during a PPIs, including:

1. Visual inspection – During a visual inspection, mechanics look over the exterior of the car, checking for dents, scratches, rust, etc. This type of inspection usually takes less than 15 minutes.
2. Mechanical inspection – Mechanics take a closer look inside the car, looking for problems that aren’t visible during a visual inspection. These include things like fluid leaks, broken parts, worn tires, faulty wiring, etc. Depending on the situation, mechanical inspections can last anywhere from 30 minutes to several hours.
3. Road Test - The technician should road test the car to get a better idea on how the car accelerates, drives, stops and steers. This will help reveal any issues and safety conditions that are not covered under the Visual or mechanical inspection.

How much does a PPI inspection cost, and who usually pays?

A safety inspection costs money, and buyers should cover the costs. Note, I would only move forward with a PPI if you already agreed on the price and are 85% sure that you are willing to purchase the vehicle.

The agreed price stipulates that the car will come back with a clean PPI.

You can shop around for prices but expect to pay from $150 - $500 for vehicles. However, you might experience upwards of $1,000+ if you have a high performance exotic car but shop around.

Buyers should always ask what type of inspection is required before signing off on an agreement.

Indie Shop vs Dealership PPI

An independent auto repair shop or dealership can offer a PPI. They typically charge per hour.

As of 2022, the average rate in my area in Northern NJ is $125 per hour. The dealership quoted me 3 hours where it would end up at $400 with taxes.

The indie shop quoted $275 - $300. I opted for the dealership since it's an official technician but I am confident that an indie shop can do the same and if not better job of reviewing the report.

Pre-Purchase Inspection Report

The inspection report I received was ok. Some companies assign a mobile inspector like LemonSquad.com to offer written reports with images. However, I opted for my local Mercedes Benz dealership. They provided me updates via SMS and text.

Overall, they found some suspension issues and overall clean bill of health. This helped put my mind at rest for a non-CPO Mercedes Benz I just purchased. I was provided a video report of the technician's findings. There was no major mechanical issue ,frame damage, or flood damage.

Other shops would have provided a written report but this was fine since I was able to get first hand visuals on the findings.

Like I said, pre-purchase inspection is an essential step in buying any type of vehicle over $10,000. It helps protect yourself against potential problems down the road.

Ask yourself, how important is your peace of mind?

How to Negotiate the Price after the PPI Report

Negotiating the price of a vehicle is a complex process. You want to make sure you're getting what you paid for and at a fair price.

At this stage, you should have already agreed to the price of the car. If the car was agreed at $50,000 but the PPI finds issues with the suspension rack, and the cost to repair is $800, then you can ask the seller to reduce the price to cover these repairs or have them repaired for the agreed price.

In fact, if you are already saving money and negotiating the price, it's really up to you to negotiate the price. If the seller doesn't accept that, perhaps you can split the cost for $400 to cover half of the repair.

Either way, you want to be understanding and not negotiate too hard and lose the sale.

If you do end up walking away, you are only out the cost of the PPI Report and you have some experience in dealing with the shop for future inspections.

Final Thoughts on a PPI

In conclusion, a pre-purchase vehicle inspection is a service that helps you determine whether or not a used car is safe to buy. This type of inspection is especially useful for people who want to avoid buying a lemon. By performing a thorough checkup on their potential purchase, these buyers can save themselves from having to pay thousands of dollars later on.

A pre-purchase inspection is performed by a mechanic who looks over the car's exterior and interior components. They look for signs of damage such as dents, scratches, rust, leaks, and cracks. They also inspect the engine, transmission, brakes, suspension system, steering wheel, and tires. Finally, they test the gas tank and battery to ensure that they are working properly.

The results of the inspection help the buyer decide whether or not he or she wants to continue with the deal. If the seller agrees to repair any issues found during the inspection, the buyer has the option to either accept the repairs or walk away. However, if the seller refuses to fix anything, the buyer can choose to cancel the sale and move on to another vehicle.

This process is designed to protect consumers from purchasing vehicles that aren't in perfect condition.

While pre-purchase inspections are helpful for protecting consumers, they aren't always necessary. Instead, the buyer must rely on his or her own judgment to determine whether or not the vehicle is safe to drive. Good luck!

What to Check on a Used Car

When buying a used car, you should always check the vehicle history report and try to see the car in person. The vehicle history report is the first step I always recommend once you are ready to seriously take a look at a vehicle. It's a small investment before you put thousands of dollars into your new car purchase.

However, what do you look for and what clues can be revealed on the Vehicle History Report? And how do you find out if the car has any major problems?

While the vehicle history report can give you an "idea" of the service and overall health of the car, It's not enough to just check the Carfax report, you will need to see the car in person and take a thorough test drive.

We will get into each of the areas to look at during your test drive.

Furthermore, there are many other factors that affect the value of a car. In this article, I'll go over everything you need to know about checking a car's condition before buying it.

I'll also cover what to look for when buying a used car online versus going to a dealership. This will help you make sure you get the best deal possible.

Unfortunately, there are some people who buy cars without checking the VIN number first. They assume that because the car looks new, it must be safe. This can potentially be a costly mistake but it's ALWAYS best to invest in a vehicle history report or else you might just end up with a lemon.

A word of caution, vehicle history reports are ONLY as good as the information that is reported to government agencies or insurance carriers. There are times when an accident or incident is not reported. That is why it is always good practice to get inspected or conduct a PPI with a reputable auto mechanic.

What to Look for When Inspecting a Used Car

A thorough inspection should include checking every part of the vehicle. This includes the interior, exterior, electrical and engine. While there are many areas to check, the main area to focus on is the engine and transmission as they are the most expensive to fix. The second most expensive area is electrical issues.

Here is a quick guide on are some things you should check:

Start up the Engine

Turn the key and listen for abnormal noises. You should hear nothing unusual. The engine should crank and turn over easily. However, if you do hear something, take note of what it sounds like.

• Was it hard to start? This can be a symptom of a failing fuel pump, starter or low battery. If the car starts with jumper cables, it's most likely time to replace the battery.
• It doesn't start or doesn't click? This can be a starter issue or a bigger issue of a hydro locked engine. The engine must try to crank or start. If not, I suggest looking elsewhere.

What Color is the Exhaust Smoke?

The exhaust smoke color of a vehicle depends on a few factors but it should be clear and not black, blue or white. If you see white colored exhaust, it could be the temperature and it is steam.

No Color Smoke - Everything should be ok. If it smells like fuel then the car might be running rich. If it smells like sulfur or rotten eggs, you might have a clogged catalytic converter.

White Smoke - The white smoke should dissipate quickly and it should not smell sweet. If it smells sweet then you MIGHT have coolant in the engine, which is bad and might indicate a bad head gasket.

Blue Smoke - Blue smoke indicates that the car is burning oil. It might indicate a bad piston ring.

Black Smoke - Black smoke indicates that you are burning excessive fuel or running rich. This is common with diesel trucks who like are "rolling coal"

Check for Leaks

Older cars will commonly leak. However, if you are getting low coolant this can leak to catastrophic failure if you overheat the engine. Weeping or dripping is acceptable. You can use additives like Liqui Moly Motor Oil Saver to help slow the leaks. I have used this successfully in the past.

• Are there a lot of stains under the car? Most commonly are oil leaks. Depending on the make and model of your car, it could be a valve cover gasket or oil pans. You can possibly smell oil burning on the engine if it's leaking on the manifold. This will show up as a "rainbow" effect on the floor or residual.
• Do you smell any coolant leaks? Coolant leaks typically smell sweet. This is because coolant is treated with ethylene glycol. It also helps determine the type of leak you might experience. Again, coolant leaks can be due to failed o-rings or tired coolant hoses or radiator.

Check the Oil

One important area to check is the engine oil. When checking the oil levels, check the color of the oil inside the dipstick tube. Yellowish or brownish oil could indicate that the engine isn't taking in enough oil. This could cause damage to the engine and lead to expensive repairs.

A dirty dipstick indicates that you haven't checked the oil level in a while. If the oil level is very low, the engine will start running dry and stop working. You'll need to change the oil immediately.

Check the Dash Lights:

The car's dash lights can help determine the condition of the car. Most if not all cars today are controlled by an ECU and computer. The car monitors its sensors and will report back a dash light if any of them exceed the tolerances. If there are any dash lights, it's not a sign to run away, but to be aware of potential repairs in the future.

1. Do you see a check engine light? Most likely this is an emissions issue. It could be as simple as a loose gas cap and simple as an ignition coil replacement. However, if the car drives smoothly then it is not a huge deal but would need to be addressed for an inspection sticker.
2. Do you see a brake light? This indicates that this is a brake wear sensor. If you see an ABS light, then that could spell bigger troubles with an ABS pump failure. A PPI would help determine that.
3. Do you see a coolant light? It could be as simple as a low coolant. But if there are leaks underneath the car, then you would need to factor in this costly repair during the negotiating process.
4. Do you see a transmission or DCS light? This is the only light that would recommend you walk away from. Today's modern transmissions are sophisticated engineering feats. If you see a transmission light, you are in for a world of hurt. I would avoid cars with this issue since transmissions can cost easily $2,000 or more.

Check All Electrical Items

One area that takes a few minutes is to check ALL the electrical components. For example, I failed to check that the power mirror adjustments didn't work on the vehicle and missed that under negotiations. This repair is a few hundred dollars and I opted not to get it fixed.

But that was a lesson learned.

Here is a quick checklist of everything you need to check: 

1. Windows: Roll each window up and down. Keep note on if are not working
2. Wipers: Check to make sure the wiper motors are working and the wipers are in good shape.
3. Radio: Check that the powers on and all speakers are working ok.
4. Sunroof: Check if the sunroof opens up and closes smoothly.
5. Power Seats: Adjust your power seats to check all the seat motors are working in both directions.
6. Lights: Have an assistant check the headlights, blinkers, tail lights and brake lights are working.
7. Power Mirrors: Again, check that all the power mirrors adjustments are working correctly
8. AC / Heater: Turn on both the heater and the AC to check both are working ok.

Checking Interior for Any Weird Smells

Now, it’s time to take a peek inside the vehicle. Start with the glove compartment. Is everything locked? Are there any items missing? Take note of anything suspicious. Next, open the door panels and check the seats. Does the seat cover smell like smoke? Has the carpet changed color? Do the seats feel soft? These are just a few questions to ask yourself.

Your nose is a very good tool to help sniff out any potential issues. If you smell mold, then you have a water source somewhere that is causing that odor. If you smell cigarette smoke, read more about how to remove smells from your car while it covers smoke smell, it works great on all types of smells.

• Are there any stains? A good detail can help remove a majority of the stains. A steam cleaner and degreaser work wonders in combination. Otherwise there are fabric paints that can help refresh your stained interior and cover up the stains effectively.
• Are there any seat rips? This can be easily patched up with available vinyl patches on Amazon. We will have a review on how we did a repair.

Checking the Exterior of the Car

The exterior inspection is one of the biggest parts of purchasing a vehicle. If you are looking to buy a used car, it’s imperative that you know what you are getting into. You want to make sure that there aren’t hidden issues that could come up later on. Here are some tips to help you find out if the seller is hiding something.

Look for dents, scratches, rust, and damage to the paint. As long as the subframe is ok and there are no sharp edges to any body damage, you should not have any issues with state inspection for a clean titled car. Cosmetic work on the car is secondary to a fully functioning, inspected car.

• Is there any rust on the wheel wells? Rust is a big issue if you don't address it. It can rot out frames and floor panels so you will need to keep an eye out for rust.
• Does the paint match? Accidents happen and paint matching can be difficult especially for metallic paint. Just be aware that plastic bumpers and metal body panels often are mismatched from the factory.

Check the Tires:

Checking the condition of your vehicle's tires is an important area to take a look at on a used car. Tires play a vital role in keeping your car safe and running smoothly. Check your tread depth and see the condition of the tire wear.

When the tread is worn down to 3/32 of a millimeter, the tire needs to be replaced.Tire treads should be deep enough to prevent hydroplaning during driving conditions. Hydroplaning occurs when water builds up under the tire due to excessive speed. Once the tire loses traction, it begins to slide along the road surface. As a result, the driver loses control over the vehicle.

Next, check the sidewall thickness. Sidewalls are the rubber strips that surround the tire. They protect the tire from cuts and punctures. If the sidewall is damaged, it could mean that the tire is unsafe to use.

• Do the tires match? There should be a max of 2 tire brands on your car. If there are more, it might indicate that the owner of the car was on a budget and was replacing tires one at a time. While this is not a tell-tale sign of a bad owner, you will need to budget $300-$800 on a new set of tires in the near future.
• Is there any dry rot or side wall damage? If you notice a bulge in the side wall, that tire will need to be replaced. Factor in any replacement tires in respect to the seller's asking price.

Odometer Reading: Low Mileage vs High Mileage

Is Low Miles a Guarantee for Trouble-free Ownership?

A lower mile count doesn't necessarily mean a good deal automatically. Low miles is definitely desirable but the history of the maintenance of the vehicle is more important and how it was used.

A commuter's car with 90% highway miles is sometimes better than a low mileage car that was driven locally only. Oil changes and servicing helps prolong the life of the engine. 

Sludge can build up over time if the car was not serviced regularly. This can happen to full synthetic as well. So check the condition of the oil and review the vehicle history report. 

I personally like lower mileage and a reasonable amount of miles per year. I also like to see regular servicing. As mentioned always, you should thoroughly check the maintenance records and history of a vehicle before buying one. 

Are High Miles Really that Bad?

If you can find a good deal on a high mileage car with detailed service records, then I would consider purchasing. However, this is only good for owners who like to wrench and DIY repairs. High mileage cars typically are priced lower due to the miles and likelihood that repairs may be needed in the future.

Anything with OVER 100k miles is considered high miles. Depending on the age of the car, I would consider cars that are 6-15 years old. If a car is under 5 years old and has over 100k miles, my determining factor would be a PPI report. 

Check the odometer reading against the mileage stated on the vehicle history report. 

Take It to Your Mechanic

If you're looking to buy a used car, I always recommend a PPI. A PPI is a pre-purchase inspection. I would advise if you are not 100% comfortable checking out a used car.

You will need to coordinate with the seller if you can conduct a PPI and that you will be covering the costs. The auto shop should be convenient for the seller and should not hinder their own schedule. 

If there are numerous buyers, you might be better off taking a friend or mechanic with you to check out the car.

If the condition of the car looks good, then you should take it on the road for a test drive. Read our article on how to test drive a car and find out in 10 minutes if it's worth buying.